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Doctype and HTML

A valid HTML/XHTML document declares what version of HTML/XHTML is used in the document. The document type declaration names the document type definition (DTD) in use for the document. This declaration is the doctype and is the very first thing in an HTML document, even before the <body> tag:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head> ... ...
</head>
<body>
... 
  ... ...
</body>
</html>

Internet Explorer 6 and later

The doctype declaration can be used to turn IE 6 and later into strict standards-compliant mode. See also CSS Enhancements in Internet Explorer 6